this post was submitted on 10 Jan 2025
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History

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The phrase "crossing the Rubicon" is an idiom that means "passing a point of no return". Its meaning comes from allusion to the crossing of the river Rubicon from the north by Julius Caesar in early January 49 BC. The exact date is unknown. Scholars usually place it on the night of 10 and 11 January because of the speeds at which messengers could travel at that time. It is often asserted that Caesar's crossing of the river precipitated Caesar's civil war, but Caesar's forces had already crossed into Italy and occupied Ariminum the previous day.

Caesar's civil war (49–45 BC) was a civil war during the late Roman Republic between two factions led by Gaius Julius Caesar and Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey). The main cause of the war was political tensions relating to Caesar's place in the republic on his expected return to Rome on the expiration of his governorship in Gaul.

Before the war, Caesar had led an invasion of Gaul for almost ten years. A build-up of tensions starting in late 50 BC, with both Caesar and Pompey refusing to back down, led to the outbreak of civil war. Pompey and his allies induced the Senate to demand Caesar give up his provinces and armies in the opening days of 49 BC. Caesar refused and instead marched on Rome.

The war was fought in Italy, Illyria, Greece, Egypt, Africa, and Hispania. The decisive events occurred in Greece in 48 BC: Pompey defeated Caesar at the Battle of Dyrrhachium, but the subsequent larger Battle of Pharsalus was won by Caesar and Pompey's army disintegrated. Many prominent supporters of Pompey (termed Pompeians) surrendered after the battle, such as Marcus Junius Brutus and Cicero. Others fought on, including Cato the Younger and Metellus Scipio. Pompey fled to Egypt, where he was assassinated upon arrival.

Caesar led a military expedition to Asia Minor before attacking North Africa, where he defeated Metellus Scipio in 46 BC at the Battle of Thapsus. Cato and Metellus Scipio killed themselves shortly thereafter. The following year, Caesar defeated the last of the Pompeians, at the Battle of Munda in Spain, who were led by his former lieutenant Labienus. Caesar was then made dictator perpetuo ("dictator in perpetuity" or "dictator for life") by the Roman senate in 44 BC. He was assassinated by a group of senators (including Brutus) shortly thereafter.

The civil war is one of the commonly recognised endpoints of Rome's republican government. Some scholars view the war as the proximate cause of the republic's fall, due to its polarising interruption of normal republican government.[4] Caesar's comprehensive victory followed by his immediate death left a power vacuum; over the following years his heir Octavian was eventually able to take complete control, forming the Roman Empire as Augustus.

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(page 2) 50 comments
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[–] peppersky@hexbear.net 8 points 5 days ago

If total worldwide revolution isn't the answer maybe pills are the answer

[–] peppersky@hexbear.net 8 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago)

Why does it take so long to go from anywhere to anywhere else. The outside world is not pleasant or nice or beautiful, the inside does as well but isn't any of these things either but at least you're alone

[–] CrispyFern@hexbear.net 10 points 5 days ago

We don't remember the farmer, we remember the fruit

[–] grazing7264@hexbear.net 6 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago) (1 children)

Mods should probably purge every cracker fash and transphobe that posts on https://hexbear.net/c/conservative@lemm.ee

Or just defederate

Check out this user history that showed up on the Hexbear search

https://hexbear.net/u/Mettled@reddthat.com

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[–] iridaniotter@hexbear.net 17 points 6 days ago

Saw someone complaining about fast food inflation get called a treatlerite and wow that funny meme term vaguely criticizing over-consumption and entitlement to imperialist spoils transformed into reactionary asceticism really quickly!

[–] moonlake@hexbear.net 16 points 6 days ago (2 children)

They should make an app where you can find cool people and invite them to your house to smoke weed and watch Goodfellas

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[–] CrispyFern@hexbear.net 10 points 5 days ago

I am going to succeed BECAUSE im a failure pineapple-cool

I liked too many tweets of Arcane fanart and I got a post from the intra-fandom pro- and anti-shipper wars. And I just hope all the people I saw in the replies of that tweet, and the OP, and the screenshot the OP was mad about were all literally children. Not even adult teens who’ve graduated high school. Only high schoolers should be so involved with fandom. Because I cannot imagine a bigger waste of time or a more unfathomable thing to care about.

[–] LanyrdSkynrd@hexbear.net 19 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago) (4 children)

Massachusetts released a list of the top 15 highest paid state employees recently. All of the people of the list worked at UMass(coaches, chancellor, etc), except one person.

Massachusetts State Police Detectives Captain Thomas McCarthy, made a salary of $548,072 with $349,815 of overtime pay. He's an pig with a long history of misconduct, including a recent incident where he fled a traffic stop by a local police officer after the officer said he smelled like alcohol. He has collected over 4mil in compensation over his career and will get a pension based on this inflated pay.

Massachusetts has this corrupt system where officers can get assigned traffic details. These were originally meant to be for road projects that needed someone directing traffic, but most details now consist of a lazy pig sitting in a police car on the side of the road.

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[–] Wmill@hexbear.net 11 points 6 days ago (1 children)

My terminally lonely activity is playing a game and talking out loud to no one in particular about interesting facts or stuff of the game I'm playing no-copyright I keep my family from worrying tho since they can see my mic near me when I do it.

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[–] SoylentSnake@hexbear.net 12 points 6 days ago (2 children)

crazy that im becoming a card carrying communist. that shit is wild. but also makes sense considering how long ive felt these positions. and i just keep on chuggin away living the rest of my social and professional life. life is crayseeeeee

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[–] Moss@hexbear.net 15 points 6 days ago (1 children)

You cant take any picture of Mr Beast smiling and crop it to only show his eyes, and when you do that, he looks like the most miserable man alive. It pleases me to know that his immeasurable wealth and penchance to play God has not made him happy

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[–] CrispyFern@hexbear.net 24 points 6 days ago

"God forbid I do anything"

You ever read the bible? God actually does forbid most of the things ur doing.

[–] peppersky@hexbear.net 8 points 5 days ago

Got one roommate casting at 2pm and one at 7pm if that wasn't already stressful enough on it's own and on it's own and with it being winter and there not being any places to sit and be warm in the city my train into the city is now also half an hour late so I'm not even going to make the first casting. Getting ever closer to giving up completely

[–] SoylentSnake@hexbear.net 11 points 6 days ago (1 children)

anyone ever get the kneejerk "omg it's X year time fucking flies thats so surreal!!!!!!!" then followed by the "wait reflecting on everything thats happened and changed a shitton has happened and changed, ofc it's X year" paradox?

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[–] Wendy_Pleakley@hexbear.net 13 points 6 days ago (1 children)

Doctor, how soon after the vaccine can I get smashed and plastered?

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[–] blight@hexbear.net 19 points 6 days ago (1 children)

she cross on my rube til i con

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[–] SoylentSnake@hexbear.net 7 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago) (2 children)

life sucks..... doomer but it's also an adventure!! bloomer

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[–] UmbraVivi@hexbear.net 6 points 5 days ago

Tried Balatro. It seems really well made and like there's a lot of depth to it, but I personally don't see the core gameplay being interesting enough for me.

[–] glimmer_twin@hexbear.net 4 points 5 days ago

I’ve almost made it to payday duck-dance i can’t wait to buy some more kitchen essentials so I can cook better meals at home

[–] Wmill@hexbear.net 7 points 5 days ago

Watched the recent episode of daima with sibling and idk they admitted it's a slog yea I'll still finish it but the pacing is putting to sleep

[–] SoylentSnake@hexbear.net 4 points 5 days ago (1 children)

newly formed bonds of love are crazy bro what even is that shit bro

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[–] Wendy_Pleakley@hexbear.net 13 points 6 days ago (1 children)

Literally I was about to match with a girl on Hinge who was pan and also liked my favorite podcast but then her profile just vanished

Serves me right for having things in common with anyone for once in my life. Dammit.

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[–] Aquilae@hexbear.net 7 points 5 days ago (1 children)

警 shouldn't exist, I don't like writing it

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[–] peppersky@hexbear.net 6 points 5 days ago

everytime i hang out with my old friends from when i was doing my bachelor and we reminiscence over those time they always go "looking back on it i was so depressed back then" and i always think to myself "that was the happiest time of my life and probably the happiest i've ever been and will be i'd go back in a heartbeat if i could"

[–] blipblip@hexbear.net 4 points 5 days ago (1 children)

It's 2028, the Mayo Pete/AOC ticket narrowly wins over the Trump/Trump ticket after trump-kubrick-stare finally got got by one of his raving supporters. The dems won by campaigning on issues that matter to independants like promising to finish Trump's messy invasion of Canada so we can better commit resources to helping isntrael bring democracy to the middle east. The federal minimum wage is 7.25 and it costs $200,000 to give birth.

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[–] DragonBallZinn@hexbear.net 14 points 6 days ago (2 children)

Some test results came back for a screening of ADHD and it looks like that’s the case. I want to give a shoutout to the comrade that first pointed out that some of my problems could be ADHD but I forgot who they are.

Not to go full Redditor, but they tested my IQ and I’m actually pretty sharp. Yeah, I understand IQ isn’t the most reliable thing in the world, but one thing the doctor said is that I did make some very simple mistakes despite being able to solve complex math problems just fine…which was the big hint that I might have ADHD.

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[–] Rojo27@hexbear.net 10 points 6 days ago (1 children)

Uh, 2025, I would like a chance to develop a beautiful and lasting relationship with someone special. So I, uh, think that it'd be nice if I had a chance if you could just stop throwing so much work and other life events at mei-think-that

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[–] Wmill@hexbear.net 17 points 6 days ago (4 children)

Watched the Jim carry Grinch last month and kept thinking how fr relatable he is. Antisocial ✅, hates consumerism ✅, freak ✅, raw sex appeal ✅, and super strength ✅. He's literally just like me fr denji-just-like-me

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[–] viva_la_juche@hexbear.net 4 points 5 days ago

The video for debí tirar mas fotos is heartbreaking tbh.

[–] SoylentSnake@hexbear.net 12 points 6 days ago

Wait. Is this guy seriously saying that I don’t know that love’s the only thing that matters? “Incredible. I will give you $5000 if you can shed your ego and make yourself vulnerable with your fellow human being before January 1st”? Do you have any idea who the fuck you’re talking to? When I stopped socializing because of the fucking quarantine, Tacoma wept. Even ignoring the fact that I have a girlfriend, even if we’re just talking like platonics, I’m two hours away right now from being inside a new friend’s heart. I have two skills -it’s loving myself and everyone around me, okay? Do some fucking research!

[–] Moss@hexbear.net 12 points 6 days ago (9 children)

I decided to get high and stay up tonight, so I need you fools to entertain me. Dance for me, jesters!

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[–] Sleve_McDichael@hexbear.net 12 points 6 days ago (1 children)

What if France were just for the fellas and we called it French Guyana?

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[–] rafflesia@hexbear.net 13 points 6 days ago

dentists are the redditors of doctors. no i will not explain

[–] MF_COOM@hexbear.net 12 points 6 days ago (3 children)

jazz-passion

  • Aime Cesaire, Discourse on Colonialism
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[–] LocalOaf@hexbear.net 13 points 6 days ago

gross

working my ass off doing every household chore imaginable for my senior parents

getting really frustrated and burned out, go to take a break out in the garden

"hey this isn't so bad, the sun's out, I have a nice cup of coffee, the birds are singing and cute squirrels are running around! Lighten up a little LocalOaf, it'll be okay!" blob-no-thoughts

instantly have a bird shit on me right as I'm telling myself that lmao

I am going to become the Joker

bird-bouncy

💩

liz-society

[–] Aquilae@hexbear.net 4 points 5 days ago

Just two nobodies fighting in a rhythm at the end of time... and then it just clicks, greenly.

[–] hexaflexagonbear@hexbear.net 4 points 5 days ago (1 children)

My lib triggering stand up special has a 15 minute bit about how hydrophobic surfaces aren’t actually afraid of water.

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[–] GalaxyBrain@hexbear.net 9 points 6 days ago

Doggy Osborne- Bark at the Train

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