this post was submitted on 05 Jan 2025
524 points (99.1% liked)

Today I Learned

18233 readers
331 users here now

What did you learn today? Share it with us!

We learn something new every day. This is a community dedicated to informing each other and helping to spread knowledge.

The rules for posting and commenting, besides the rules defined here for lemmy.world, are as follows:

Rules (interactive)


Rule 1- All posts must begin with TIL. Linking to a source of info is optional, but highly recommended as it helps to spark discussion.

** Posts must be about an actual fact that you have learned, but it doesn't matter if you learned it today. See Rule 6 for all exceptions.**



Rule 2- Your post subject cannot be illegal or NSFW material.

Your post subject cannot be illegal or NSFW material. You will be warned first, banned second.



Rule 3- Do not seek mental, medical and professional help here.

Do not seek mental, medical and professional help here. Breaking this rule will not get you or your post removed, but it will put you at risk, and possibly in danger.



Rule 4- No self promotion or upvote-farming of any kind.

That's it.



Rule 5- No baiting or sealioning or promoting an agenda.

Posts and comments which, instead of being of an innocuous nature, are specifically intended (based on reports and in the opinion of our crack moderation team) to bait users into ideological wars on charged political topics will be removed and the authors warned - or banned - depending on severity.



Rule 6- Regarding non-TIL posts.

Provided it is about the community itself, you may post non-TIL posts using the [META] tag on your post title.



Rule 7- You can't harass or disturb other members.

If you vocally harass or discriminate against any individual member, you will be removed.

Likewise, if you are a member, sympathiser or a resemblant of a movement that is known to largely hate, mock, discriminate against, and/or want to take lives of a group of people, and you were provably vocal about your hate, then you will be banned on sight.

For further explanation, clarification and feedback about this rule, you may follow this link.



Rule 8- All comments should try to stay relevant to their parent content.



Rule 9- Reposts from other platforms are not allowed.

Let everyone have their own content.



Rule 10- Majority of bots aren't allowed to participate here.

Unless included in our Whitelist for Bots, your bot will not be allowed to participate in this community. To have your bot whitelisted, please contact the moderators for a short review.



Partnered Communities

You can view our partnered communities list by following this link. To partner with our community and be included, you are free to message the moderators or comment on a pinned post.

Community Moderation

For inquiry on becoming a moderator of this community, you may comment on the pinned post of the time, or simply shoot a message to the current moderators.

founded 2 years ago
MODERATORS
top 50 comments
sorted by: hot top controversial new old
[–] Preflight_Tomato@lemm.ee 12 points 23 hours ago* (last edited 22 hours ago)

My wild speculation:

Viral snares/traps? Semi-permeable membrane + RNA; the virus gets in and binds to the RNA inside, then the viral package is "spent" on fake RNA that can't replicate. The MVP shell could keep regular cellular machinery away from the trap RNA. There are thousands of these vaults within the cell, as to create a bunch of "pits" that a virus could fall into, thus effectively slowing viral spread, even a little?

edit: from a link in the article:

vault protein somehow helps epithelial cells internalize P. aeruginosa, which in turn speeds the clearance of an infection. Compared to normal mice, for example, MVP-less mice were 3 times as likely to die when their lungs were infected with the bacterium

This was mentioned as a hypothesis that was determined to be fruitless. Was this ever explored further? Different viruses, organ systems, etc.? Since it's in a lot of different organisms, maybe some common virus that affects many different species is affected by this.

This is very interesting.

[–] Soleos@lemmy.world 4 points 23 hours ago

They're for storing the molecular correlates of trauma, obviously :3

[–] ChaoticNeutralCzech@feddit.org 42 points 1 day ago (1 children)

The infographic appears to be noob-friendly because of its title but then expects you to know what VPARP is and what it's for

[–] hansolo@lemm.ee 20 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Isn't it that rapping cartoon dog from the PS1?

[–] TheOakTree@lemm.ee 11 points 1 day ago (1 children)
[–] nomous@lemmy.world 4 points 23 hours ago

"Punch, kick, it's all in the cellular structure!"

[–] masterspace@lemmy.ca 171 points 2 days ago (6 children)

Man, it's so wild how little we know about biology and how much we as a society spend on absolute, utter, bullshit, instead of figuring out how just the basics of us work.

I know it was never possible before modern computers, labs, and equipment, but we really should have like 1000x the amount of basic biological research going on that we do.

[–] HubertManne@moist.catsweat.com 83 points 2 days ago (2 children)

I got a degree in microbiology in 95 and I did not know about these. Heck I even did a rotation in an xray crystallography lab which was super into cellular structures.

[–] MsPenguinette@lemmy.world 75 points 2 days ago (1 children)

To be brutally honest, 95 was an eternity ago in microbiology terms. Human genome project didn’t complete till 2003. You must have some wild perspective on seeing us go from what are essentially a modern dark times to modern day

[–] HubertManne@moist.catsweat.com 45 points 2 days ago (1 children)

oh certainly. even at that time the xray crystallography lab was basically dying out as it was becoming more of a standard tool rather than an area of research.

[–] otter@lemmy.dbzer0.com 13 points 2 days ago (1 children)

From the Age of Enlightenment to essentially space flight, in a single career. 🤓🤌🏼

[–] HubertManne@moist.catsweat.com 23 points 2 days ago (1 children)

Oh I think my thing is a bit misleading. I left the field in 1998 and switched to IT for the pay. I pretty much stopped being on the inside at that time.

[–] otter@lemmy.dbzer0.com 6 points 1 day ago

No worries, I was being hyperbolic anyhow 🤓🤪

[–] iAvicenna@lemmy.world 11 points 2 days ago (1 children)

my exact feelings, I was like how come I did not know about these

[–] davepleasebehave@lemmy.world 7 points 1 day ago (1 children)

the new update to reality dropped last year. not your fault.

[–] iAvicenna@lemmy.world 5 points 1 day ago

They apparently even patched the text books!

[–] kadup@lemmy.world 27 points 1 day ago

A super important nuclear structure related to calcium mobilization was only discovered a few years ago. It will take years before it ever appears in bachelor's textbooks, let alone high school material. Cellular biology is far for complete, and biology as a whole is still completely filled with open questions.

We do suffer a lot with a lack of funding though. If your research isn't immediately important for a medication, good luck working with a far from optimal budget.

[–] BarbecueCowboy@lemmy.world 14 points 1 day ago (2 children)

Ask any expert in almost any field of science. If they're good at their jobs, they'll mostly tell you the same thing about their field.

The scariest thing in the world is that you can apply that to nearly everything.

[–] masterspace@lemmy.ca 0 points 6 hours ago

This isn't really true. It's kind of true for scientists because by their nature, they work on discovering new things, but even still, the amount we know and understand about say, physics and chemistry, is way way way greater than biology.

Like for physics and chemistry we have a very rock solid understanding of how the vast majority of reactions and interactions that effect the universe at our scale, work. Most of what physicists and chemists are learning these days is at the outer edges of what's physically possible or studying, there's very few questions left about common, day to day reactions, those are so well understood that they're considered engineering and not science anymore.

But that's not the case for biology. We still don't understand very basic elementary things about the human body and what parts of it even do, let alone the wider, non human biological world. There is truly more unknowns in biology than the other sciences.

[–] I_Has_A_Hat@lemmy.world 4 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Meanwhile in weapons research

"Why can't I hold all this grant money, lol?"

[–] lightnsfw@reddthat.com 3 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Is taking people apart not biology?

[–] rami@ani.social 5 points 1 day ago (1 children)
[–] Preflight_Tomato@lemm.ee 8 points 23 hours ago

Depends how fast you do it.

[–] _NetNomad@fedia.io 30 points 2 days ago (1 children)

we think about people 100 or 500 years ago and it seems absurd just how little they knew about health and the body, but hopefully we'll look the same to our descendants in as many years

[–] otter@lemmy.dbzer0.com 11 points 2 days ago (1 children)

When I was much younger, the favorite restaurant my family used to treat ourselves to every so often had tables decorated with olde timey newspaper pages. Still very much legible and permanently preserved in epoxy, the advertisements fascinated me — even way back when (≈/< 1930s), the same kinds of "revolutionary" "exotic" "new" tricks that <insert expert title(s)> hate, etc. squawked their bullshit for the punters & mouth breathers. Hell, even Pompeii revealed it's been going on for millennia... Same as it ever was. 🙇🏽‍♂️🤓😅

[–] tigeruppercut@lemmy.zip 1 points 23 hours ago

You should check out the dollop podcast. Recently they started doing a segment (the past times) where they read sections from old newspapers (even stuff from the 18th and 19th centuries). Some crazy stuff got printed back in the day and it's interesting to see how people viewed papers way back in the day.

https://player.fm/series/the-dollop-with-dave-anthony-and-gareth-reynolds-2313603

[–] AngryRobot@lemmy.world 13 points 1 day ago (1 children)

The absolute, utterly bullshit is what leads to other advances and a better understanding of the basics. For example, optical storage technology is a direct result of a federally funded study on how moth eyes gather and utilize light.

[–] masterspace@lemmy.ca 0 points 6 hours ago

Yeah, I'm not talking about developing new computer technologies as utter bullshit, I'm talking about the trillions spent on advertising for instance, or social media platforms.

[–] ogmios@sh.itjust.works 17 points 2 days ago (2 children)

It's astonishing to me just how confidently people, often those who've never even studied the body, will assert they definitely know how things work. DNA is the big one for me, as there's an entire "layer" of genetic function which we know almost nothing about. We may have mapped the atomic structure of DNA, and identified a number of sequences of base pairs which can be correlated with certain traits, yet how DNA "folds" and why remains almost a complete mystery. Many think that scientists have reached a level where we can splice our genetic code as though it were a computer program to make it do this or that, yet in reality attempts to do so almost never work, usually resulting in sterility or death.

[–] phdepressed@sh.itjust.works 10 points 2 days ago (1 children)

The mystery remains but we certainly can splice our genetic code without sterility or death. There are various FDA approved therapies doing just so to treat genetic diseases such as sickle cell, hemophilia, certain types of DMD, and retinopathies.

[–] ogmios@sh.itjust.works 8 points 1 day ago

Oh it's certainly possible to do. Just that it's incredibly dangerous, which is why there is an extremely rigorous testing regime in place, taking many, many years, which must be completed before any particular therapy is approved. Many proposed therapies are never able to successfully complete testing because the most common side effects by far are sterility and death.

[–] ricdeh@lemmy.world 11 points 2 days ago

Not entirely true. Humans have successfully modified the genome of plants and especially bacteria in a targeted way for years now. But things are of course much more complex in humans and vertebrates in general.

[–] neidu3@sh.itjust.works 66 points 1 day ago

All I know is that Vaults are NOT the powerhouse of the cell.

[–] LovableSidekick@lemmy.world 22 points 1 day ago* (last edited 1 day ago) (1 children)

I find it fascinating that researchers have been able to acquire so much structural details about vaults without figuring out their purpose. It's possible that they're bits of evolutionary garbage - things that don't contribute to survival in any discernible way, but also don't hurt anything, so natural selection doesn't get rid of them.

[–] Hugin@lemmy.world 15 points 1 day ago

Cells make too many of them to not have a purpose. There is a large energy cost to manufacturing 10k-100k per cell. That's enough for selection to remove them if they were useless.

What's probably going on is they have an important but uncommon purpose. Like a fire extinguisher. They are in most buildings but a lot of people will never see a situation where one is needed.

[–] Akasazh@feddit.nl 44 points 1 day ago (3 children)

Borderlands devs just came up with episode 5

[–] ripcord@lemmy.world 9 points 1 day ago

Borderland/Fallout crossover is episode 6. Vault Hunters get a surprise!

load more comments (2 replies)
[–] PineRune@lemmy.world 36 points 2 days ago (2 children)

What if they're only to make the cells bigger so our bodies don't need to make so many of them to reach a total size as large as we are?

[–] NOT_RICK@lemmy.world 47 points 2 days ago

Should be called the chungus then

[–] janus2@lemmy.zip 14 points 1 day ago

that wouldn't be an unfounded hypothesis. surface area to volume ratio is extremely important in cells. by artificially lowering the volume (by taking up a lot of it with a structure) the cell can make better use of its existing surface area

though it looks like the volume of these structures aren't that large comparatively

[–] FundMECFS@slrpnk.net 41 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (2 children)

Interesting. Makes me wonder if it might play a role in some physical illnesses we haven’t found a cause for yet, especially immune mediated ones.

Decent article going more in depth

[–] jaxiiruff@lemmy.zip 14 points 2 days ago (1 children)

This is seriously interesting yet unsettling at the same time that these are not being studied more. For whatever reason I have a feeling that they are going to be way more important someday since all creatures have them.

[–] FundMECFS@slrpnk.net 18 points 2 days ago (1 children)

I mean that’s biology. We can do some pretty cool stuff, but we just don’t understand how so much in the human body works. It’s so fucking complex.

I was instantly reminded of the appendix, where for so long we thought it was just an extraneous evolutionary leftover of an organ, only to find out not all that long ago that it actually acts as a seed vault of sorts for our gut's microbial biome to repopulate the good bacteria in case something bad happens and wipes them out.

[–] Carrolade@lemmy.world 8 points 2 days ago

Lead researcher has a youtube channel linked at the bottom of that article, too.

[–] cyrano@lemmy.dbzer0.com 29 points 2 days ago (1 children)
[–] FlyingSquid@lemmy.world 27 points 2 days ago (2 children)

The key to surviving global thermonuclear war has been hiding in our cells the whole time?

[–] Bonesince1997@lemmy.world 4 points 1 day ago

It's bullet time! We have to figure out how to activate our bullet time or VATS. 😎

[–] oleorun@real.lemmy.fan 18 points 2 days ago

Incredible article and read that will send me down the rabbit-hole later when I have some free time!

Thanks for sharing!

load more comments
view more: next ›