Your taxable address will have to be somewhere in the US, ideally in a no income tax state like Florida. But I think you have figure out what states your company is registered to hire in. You can just ask your recruiter about what states employees currently live in.
After that, as long as the company is cool with 100% remote, I'd just get back on the road and head to Argentina.
It depends on where you go, how much space you want, and how much privacy you need. Cities like NYC, LA, SF & MIA will probably cost a minimum of $2000 for a studio, if you book several months in advance. But you might also want to try sites like Kindred, if you have a place to swap.
I'd probably prepare to set the following montly budget:
$6000/month is probably the minimal viable budget.
There isn't a turnkey solution for slow travel and you will overpay for stays that aren't at least 6 months in one place. Pick the place of interest closest to you, book a month-long stay, and just hop over the next closest city or country of interest every month or so.
It keeps transportation time and costs down. Do the whole trip in a loop, if you can. In 6-12 months, you'll start gaining a sense for the kind of environments you like most... big cities, small beach towns, remote villages surrounded by nature, etc.
Spend more time in the environments you love most, and ground yourself in a routine...
Have a plan for meeting new people. Put yourself in a position to make new friends and connections. Everything else kind of takes care of itself.
I've heard multiple times that they're not a good place to get work done. Too noisy, too distracting but otherwise fun.