this post was submitted on 17 Sep 2023
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It's kinda the default actually. Locomotives might lack pantographs if they never see electrified track but diesel locomotives aren't direct drive but diesel-electric. I'm not that deep into the topic but from what I've heard a mechanical transmission would be a nightmare.
Modern trains are almost exclusively electric final drive, off the top of my head I can't think of any exceptions. There are so many different voltages of overhead pantographs and drive motors though, there is almost always some type of converter needed to provide the right voltage to the drive motors.
Overhead wires aren't 3-phase, so convertor is required anyway.
A lot of locomotion uses DC motors, so they can run line voltage directly.
And what operational voltage of such motor?
1.5KV DC is reasonably common for commuter rail.
1.5KV doesn't sound like operating voltage of DC motor. Maybe you wanted to say BLDC instead?