China

About the post title, this is a revision of an existing law, not a new law, I was confused when I saw the title as I am pretty sure the new laws passed two days ago were not about workers' rights.

TLDR: The revised Company Law makes employee representatives mandatory on the board of directors for LLCs or corporations that have 300 or more employees, employee representatives were already mandatory on board of supervisors (one-third minimum) before. Employee representatives are democratically elected by the Employee's Congress, Employee's Assembly or other forms.

The system of Employee's Congress (or Employee's Assembly) and employee representatives on the board of directors is not something new, but was limited in scope or optional. From the Company Law before this revision:

For LLCs (limited liability companies, 有限责任公司) that had a board of directors, employee representatives were not mandatory, unless they had 2 or more investors that are SOEs or state-owned investment entities. Paragraph 2 of Article 44:

两个以上的国有企业或者两个以上的其他国有投资主体投资设立的有限责任公司，其董事会成员中应当有公司职工代表；其他有限责任公司董事会成员中可以有公司职工代表。董事会中的职工代表由公司职工通过职工代表大会、职工大会或者其他形式民主选举产生。

(DeepL translation) A limited liability company invested in by two or more state-owned enterprises or two or more other state-owned investment entities shall have employee representatives on its board of directors; other limited liability companies may have employee representatives on their boards of directors. Employee representatives on the board of directors shall be democratically elected by the employees of the company through the employees' congress, employees' meeting or other forms.

For LLCs that had a board of supervisors (as opposed to small LLCs which can just have 1 to 2 supervisors), at least one-third had to be employee representatives. Paragraph 2 of Article 51:

监事会应当包括股东代表和适当比例的公司职工代表，其中职工代表的比例不得低于三分之一，具体比例由公司章程规定。监事会中的职工代表由公司职工通过职工代表大会、职工大会或者其他形式民主选举产生。

(DeepL translation) The Supervisory Board shall include representatives of shareholders and an appropriate proportion of employee representatives of the Company, of which the proportion of employee representatives shall not be less than one-third, with the specific proportion to be stipulated in the Articles of Association of the Company. Employee representatives on the Supervisory Board shall be democratically elected by the employees of the Company through the Employee Representative Assembly, the Employee General Meeting or other forms.

Corporations (or joint stock limited company, 股份有限公司) are required to have both a board of directors and board of supervisors, but employee representatives were also optional on the board of directors. The one-third minimum for employee representatives on the board of supervisors also applies to corporations (Paragraph 2 of Article 117 is exactly the same as Paragraph 2 of Article 51 mentioned above). Paragraph 2 of Article 108:

董事会成员中可以有公司职工代表。董事会中的职工代表由公司职工通过职工代表大会、职工大会或者其他形式民主选举产生。

(DeepL translation) Employees of the Company may be represented on the Board of Directors. Employee representatives on the Board of Directors shall be democratically elected by the employees of the Company through the Employee Congress, the Employee Assembly or other forms.

Now that we got past the old revision, let's look at the revised Company Law. While the shared article mentions that Paragraph 2 of Article 17 makes the system of Employee's Congress the basic form of democratic management, it still preserves the wording that allows "other forms" (通过职工代表大会或者其他形式，实行民主管理). So I would say that the crucial difference is in Paragraph 1 of Article 68, that is for LLCs with more than 300 or more employees, employee representatives on the board of directors become mandatory:

有限责任公司董事会成员为三人以上，其成员中可以有公司职工代表。职工人数三百人以上的有限责任公司，除依法设监事会并有公司职工代表的外，其董事会成员中应当有公司职工代表。董事会中的职工代表由公司职工通过职工代表大会、职工大会或者其他形式民主选举产生。

The board of directors of a limited liability company shall consist of three or more members and may include representatives of the company's employees among its members. For a limited liability company with more than 300 employees, except for a supervisory board established in accordance with the law and with representatives of the company's employees, its board of directors shall include representatives of the company's employees. Employee representatives on the Board of Directors shall be democratically elected by the employees of the Company through the Employee Congress, the Employee Assembly or other forms.

Paragraph 2 of Article 108 then makes the above Paragraph 1 of Article 68 also apply to corporations:

本法第六十七条、第六十八条第一款、第七十条、第七十一条的规定，适用于股份有限公司。

(DeepL translation) The provisions of Articles 67, 68(1), 70 and 71 of this Law shall apply to joint stock companies.

But the revised law also allows both LLCs and corporations to establish audit committees (审计委员会) instead of a board of supervisors, employee representatives are optional on audit committees, as opposed to being mandatory on board of supervisors.