this post was submitted on 21 Oct 2024
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Baking powder releases carbon dioxide. Baking soda just creates aqueous bicarb ions and a more basic solution (which is the key to a faster reaction).
Heating a solution of aqueous bicarbonate will release carbon dioxide, too. But since we have delicious onions and stuff in there too, let's walk through my thought process: Baking powder is baking soda + weak acid + cornstarch (to prevent premature reaction). Since the speed-up for the Maillard reaction works by deprotonating amino groups to make them more nucleophilic, the acid-base reaction that releases CO~2~ when using baking powder will still occur with just baking soda + food (ie: the protiens in the food are acting as the acid). You're probably right that using baking powder would produce more CO~2~, or at least produce it faster, but reducing carcinogenic side products for Maillard reactions via CO~2~ is a low-priority concern for me anyway. Just a fun curiousity that occured to me when reading the wiki page!
Sorry if my carbon dioxide subscripts don't work. I don't think my client supports all the fancy markdown, but i tried my best.